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WHAT IS IT: A hammertoe is a deformity in the toe that causes a toes to stay in a flexed or curled position. Hammertoe can occur in more than one toe and more commonly occurs in conjunction with other toe problems. A hammertoe repair procedure will treat the toe for chronic pain, irritation, sores and correct deformation.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Hammertoe is often caused my muscle or ligament imbalance, arthritis, wearing tight or pointed-toe shoes that do not fit properly, or a traumatic toe injury. Additional foot problems, such as a bunion can be a factor in hammertoe formation. While a hammertoe can in some cases be present at birth, most often it develops over time.
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WHAT IS IT: A bunion is a painful, unnatural and bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. A bunionectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal and realignment of bone and soft tissue in order to relieve pain and restore toe alignment caused by a bunion.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Bunions develop when weight bearing pressures occur unevenly on the joints and tendons of the feet causing the big toe joint to become unstable and inflamed. Foot trauma, inherited foot type, and wearing tight footwear may also increase the risk of bunion formation.
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WHAT IS IT: An osteotomy is a surgical procedure whereby bone is cut to shorten, lengthen or change alignment. This procedure is often done alongside other common foot procedures such as a bunionectomy.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Multiple foot and toe conditions or injuries can result in needing an osteotomy surgical procedure. Through an osteotomy, your physician will be able to develop a better understanding the causes and needed treatment for your specific foot condition.
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WHAT IS IT: Foot fusion surgery is a surgical procedure that permanently joins two bones together, effectively eliminating the joint itself and making one continuous mass of bone. This fusion process is also referred to as arthrodesis and is a common procedure to relieve arthritis pain in the foot.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Inflammation, pain and stiffness resulting from arthritis in the foot is a common reason to consider fusion of one or more foot bones. Fusion of foot bones does not result in loss of motion and can successfully eliminate the painful motion between arthritic surfaces. Other goals for this procedure may include correction of deformity and stability to the affected region in order to improve or restore normal walking ability.
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WHAT IS IT: The metatarsal bones, acting as connectors between the toes and midfoot are some of the most commonly fractured bones in the foot. Metatarsal repair surgery often requires one or more incisions depending on the number of toes affected. Fractures are commonly repaired with pins, screws, plates, or a combination of these materials.
WHAT CAUSES IT: A metatarsal fracture can result from a sudden injury, also known as an acute fracture. Acute fractures typically occur from dropping a heavy object on the foot, a fall or varies sporting injuries. Metatarsal fractures can also be caused from repeated stress over time. These fractures are often classified as stress fractures and result from overuse or repetitive injury to the metatarsal bone.
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WHAT IS IT: Morton’s Neuroma is the thickening of tissue that encapsulates the digital nerve leading to the toes. An excision of Morton’s Neuroma effectively alleviates pain and pressure associated with an affected nerve. Typically there are no visible symptoms associated with this condition, however intense burning pain in the ball of the foot and in the toes is common.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Irritation, trauma or excessive pressure can lead to the development of Morton’s Neuroma. Pain and irritation typically intensify with activity and by wearing shoes. This condition is more likely to occur with women than with men.
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WHAT IS IT: Foot bone cysts are non-cancerous fluid-filled lesions that develop inside a foot bone. Benign tumors are non-malignant (non-cancerous) masses that can also develop in the foot region. However, if left untreated, bone cysts and benign tumors can have dangerous consequences on surrounding blood vessels or nerves. A surgical procedure may be performed to remove a foot bone cyst of benign tumor should the affected region continue to develop in size. Many different surgical procedure options exist to treat bone cysts and benign tumors depending on the unique condition or needs of the patient.
WHAT CAUSES IT: Often, the cause of foot bone cysts and benign tumors is unknown. However, infection, local trauma or injury, diet, genetics and stress may be linked to their development.
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